Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: experience at the Institute of Gastroenterology
Keywords:
tumores del estroma gastrointestinal, neoplasias gastrointestinales, tumores mesenquimatososAbstract
Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors, although they comprise less than 1% of gastrointestinal neoplasms, are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive system.
Objective: To characterize patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors diagnosed at the Institute of Gastroenterology in a period of 12 years.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out at the Institute of Gastroenterology that included patients seen from March 2008 to July 2020. All patients with a pathological diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors were included, confirmed by immunohistochemistry, the sample consisted of 15 patients.
Results: Practically similar behavior was observed in both sexes (male [n = 8 (53%)], female [n = 7 (47%)]. The age group most affected was 50 to 69 years (4%). The most frequent form of presentation of the disease was anemia [n = 8 (53.3%)], 7 of the lesions were ulcerated (46.7%). The largest number was observed in the stomach (86.7%), the majority are 2 cm in diameter or less [n = 8 (53.3%)]. The predominant histological type was spindle cell [n = 9 (60.0%)], it was found that 80% of the lesions had a mitotic index equal to or less than 5 per 50 high-power fields.
Conclusions: The most frequent location was gastric. The predominant histological diagnosis was spindle cell. Most occurred as a result of mutations in the KIT gene and had a very low risk of progression to malignancy.
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