Trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales en adolescentes cubanos
Keywords:
Functional digestive disorders, adolescents, Rome IV criteriaAbstract
Introduction: Pediatric FDDs comprise a set of chronic or recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms, not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities with significant interference in the quality of life of the child and his family. They are the first reason for consultation for the pediatric gastroenterologist and one of the first for the general practitioner.
Objective: To characterize functional digestive disorders in basic secondary school students.
Method: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out on students from the 28 de septiembre school in Santiago de las Vegas, in the period from May 2020 to April 2022. The universe consisted of 312 children, of which 12 were excluded from the study due to a previous diagnosis of organic digestive disease. The sample corresponds to the universe.
Results: 124 schoolchildren (41.3%) met the criteria for at least one FDD. Functional constipation was the most prevalent among FDDs with 58.8% behaving similarly in both sexes. Followed by postprandial functional dyspepsia (26.7%). In 3 children (1%) there was an association of FDD. It was determined that 8 of 24 patients with short stature have some FDD, being more related to abdominal pain disorders with a higher prevalence of postprandial distress syndrome, this association being significant (p=0.000, 0.003 and 0.023)
Conclusions: There was no significant predominance in terms of age, sex, skin color or other sociodemographic variables studied related to FDD. The research shows a high prevalence of FDD in the adolescents studied, with defecation disorders being the most frequent. There was an association between short stature and abdominal pain disorders with a higher prevalence of postprandial distress syndrome, this association being significant.
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