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Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con cirrosis compensada
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Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas del hígado y en particular la cirrosis, repercuten de manera desfavorable sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de estos enfermos.
Objetivos: Identificar las dimensiones de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud que se afectan en un grupo de pacientes cubanos con diagnóstico de cirrosis en fase compensada y los síntomas que las caracterizan.
Método: Se realizó estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal entre el 1º de julio de 2017 a 31 de diciembre de 2018 con pacientes con cirrosis compensada, de cualquier etiología, sin otras enfermedades crónicas debilitantes, atendidos en consulta ambulatoria especializada en el Instituto de Gastroenterología de La Habana, Cuba. El estudio se realizó mediante la autoaplicación del Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire.
Resultados: El 47,2 % de los pacientes tuvo una percepción baja de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Las dimensiones más afectadas fueron los síntomas sistémicos y las preocupaciones, con una media de calidad de vida de 4,6 puntos, seguida de la fatiga y las emociones (4,7 puntos).
Conclusiones: se corrobora que en la cirrosis compensada existe afectación de la calidad de vida del paciente, por lo que resulta imprescindible incluir intervenciones de mejora en los programas de atención al paciente cirrótico en Cuba.
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